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Tariq Aziz |
BAGHDAD — Tariq Aziz, a
former top aide to Saddam Hussein, was sentenced to death by an Iraqi
court on Tuesday for crimes against members of rival Shiite political
parties.
The ruling was the latest in a
series of criminal cases against Mr. Aziz, 74, whose frequent media
appearances and travels abroad made him the bespectacled face of Mr.
Hussein’s regime. For years, Mr. Aziz served as a staunch and public
defender of Mr. Hussein before the American-led invasion of 2003.
Because Mr. Hussein rarely left
Iraq out of fears about his safety, Mr. Aziz represented Iraq in the
diplomatic world. He surrendered to American forces shortly after the
invasion, aware that, for Americans, he was among Iraq’s most hunted
officials and one of the best known emblems of the Saddam Hussein era.
Mr. Aziz’s death sentence
stemmed from charges of persecution against members of the religious
Shiite Dawa Party, which counts Iraq’s current prime minister, Nuri
Kamal-al Maliki, among its members.
It was unclear when Mr. Aziz
would be executed.
One of Mr. Aziz’s lawyers, Badea
Araf Azzit, said he was considering whether to appeal. He dismissed the
sentence as a ploy aimed at distracting attention from Iraq’s political
stalemate and the recent publication of a trove of American war records
that described widespread prisoner abuse by Iraqi guards and security
forces.
“It is a political judgment,”
Mr. Azzit said.
Mr. Aziz’s lawyers have long
claimed he was only responsible for Iraq’s diplomatic and political
relations, and had no ties to the executions and purges carried out by
Mr. Hussein’s Baathist government. Mr. Hussein was himself hanged in
2006, less than two months after his death sentence was handed down.
Mr. Aziz’s lawyer said he
remained in poor health. In January, the American military said in a
statement that he suffered a blood clot in the brain. He was taken to an
American military hospital north of Baghdad for treatment.
In March 2009, Mr. Aziz was
sentenced to 15 years in prison for crimes against humanity, but he was
acquitted earlier that year on charges of ordering a 1999 crackdown
against Shiite protesters after a revered Shiite cleric was
assassinated.
He is also serving a seven-year
prison sentence for a case involving the forced displacement of Kurds in
northern Iraq.
In a recent interview with The
Associated Press, he predicted he would die in prison, citing his old
age and lengthy prison sentences.
Death sentences were also handed
down on Tuesday against other former officials in Mr. Hussein’s
government including Abed Hammoud, a former secretary to Mr. Hussein,
and former Interior Minister Sadoon Shaker.
Under Mr. Hussein, Mr. Aziz
cultivated a reputation as a cigar-smoking, whisky-drinking, worldly
diplomat who used his official posts to justify the invasion of Kuwait,
the efforts to obscure Mr. Hussein’s weapons program, the mass killings
of Kurds and Shiites in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s and the use of
chemical weapons at the Kurdish town of Halabja, among other things.
Only weeks before the
American-led invasion in 2003, he had an audience with Pope John Paul II
at the Vatican, one of dozens of encounters with world leaders.
When he surrendered to American
troops in his hometown, Mosul, in northern Iraq, he apparently did so
for his own safety in the face of mobs hunting down officials of the
ousted government.
He was No. 43, and the eight of
spades, on the Pentagon’s ”pack of cards” listing the 55 most wanted
officials of Mr. Hussein’s government. American officials said that,
after his surrender, Mr. Aziz offered to testify against Mr. Hussein on
the condition that he be released early, a proposition eventually
rejected by an Iraqi court and its American advisers.